Opening a New Chapter in Brain Science Therapy

The 21st century is an era of flourishing neuroscience. Advanced imaging technologies have, for the first time, allowed us to glimpse the brain's functional divisions and activity states. The connections and operations of various neural networks are also gradually becoming clearer.

Developing alongside brain science is a variety of neuromodulation techniques, with non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) emerging as a rapidly evolving field over the past 20 years. NIBS includes：

• Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
• Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS)
• Cranial electrical stimulation (CES)
• Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS)
• Trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS)

TMS is currently the only brain stimulation technique approved for clinical use in Taiwan, specifically for treatment-resistant depression. With the accumulation of more clinical trial data, other NIBS techniques are expected to be incorporated into treatment in the future, offering new therapeutic possibilities for neurological and psychiatric disorders.